12/28/2022 0 Comments Deep web iceberg![]() ![]() The Internet of Things (“IoT”) trend has clearly gained momentum, with Gartner predicting 20B connected devices by 2020. ‘Dark items’ are a very real problem for the airspace industry which many of us rely on for safe transportation. ![]() ![]() Returning to the commercial airline example, the rise in trade of counterfeit parts has led to action by the US Government in statutory anti-counterfeit controls implemented in the 2012 National Defense Authorization act for aerospace and defense suppliers to the US Department of Defense, and formal aerospace industry standards to combat the counterfeit parts crisis.*** However, such measures simply chase the symptoms of the underlying problem, which is that there is no addressability of items back to the original, authorized source at the time of manufacture. The proceeds from the trade in such ‘dark items’ often contribute to the further acceleration of organized crime.** Such shadow economies thrive in an unconnected environment, as lack of visibility allows unauthorized products to move freely across borders and into supply chains. Economists have estimated the global size of the black market ‘shadow economies’ for goods and services as high as $16.5T per year, comprising over 22% of global GDP.* Black market trade in goods is well documented, with serious global counterfeit and gray market issues ranging from branded products to life-critical items such as pharmaceuticals and implantable medical devices. Unfortunately, just like the use of the web for nefarious activity, there are trillions of dollars in global trade in illegal, illicit, and unauthorized items. Thus, the connected systems, or ‘surface items’ in the airplane represent the tip of the iceberg in terms of potential connectivity for the airplane as a whole, accounting for less than 1% of the total parts, which include many safety-critical and life-critical components. Clearly, only a small portion of these parts are directly addressable and traceable back to the original and history of that part.Įach of these physical components have a history that is both physical and digital, with specifications, purchase orders, testing parameters, acceptance criteria, manufacturing dates, etc. ![]() A Boeing 737 has 367,000 parts, manufactured by hundreds of suppliers and thousands of 2nd tier suppliers, and jumbo jets such as the Boeing 747 and Airbus A380 are reported to have as many as four million separate parts. However, the airplane is also comprised of hundreds of thousands of individual physical components, subsystems, materials, and assemblies. The airplane itself is a uniquely identifiable physical entity that allows for address assignments in the various communication links. An airplane is in many ways a connected ‘device’ with multiple communication links to the Internet, various control points, navigation systems, and input/output channels. Take for example a commercial airplane manufactured by Boeing or Airbus. Deep items consist of trillions of loosely associated physical items which are only partially identifiable or connected. However, there also exists a vast network of ‘deep items’, analogous to the deep web. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |